HNRS 110-001: Introduction to Research

George Mason University

Fall 2005

 

Mondays and Wednesdays, 1:30-2:45 p.m., Innovation Hall 131

Fridays, 10:30-11:20 a.m., Innovation Hall 105

 

Professor: Dr. Mack P. Holt

Office: Robinson Hall B 375

  Office telephone number: 703-993-1259

Office hours: MW, 10:30 a.m.-12:00 noon and by appointment

Email address: mholt@gmu.edu

 

Graduate Teaching Assistant: Pawin Malaiwong

Office: Enterprise Hall, Room 300

Office hours: MW 3:00-4:30 p.m. and by appointment

Email address: : pmalaiwo@gmu.edu

 

 

General Course Information

 

1.      HNRS 110 introduces students to basic research and writing skills that will be required in every course in the curriculum.  It answers such questions as how to select a suitable problem or question, how to formulate an argument or thesis, how to find and select evidence to support the argument, how to organize ideas into a coherent essay, and how to write clearly and elegantly.  Note:  You must earn the grade of “C” or better in this course to receive credit for it in Honors and to fulfill this portion of the English composition requirement in General Education.  A grade of “C minus” will not be sufficient to receive credit for the course.

 

2.      Course objectives.

*To familiarize you with the process of research at the university level.

*To help you learn the methods, materials, and practices of research and writing appropriate to academic discourse in the humanities and the social sciences.

*To familiarize you with how researchers in different fields demonstrate causation or cause-and-effect relationships.

*To help you improve your ability to evaluate sources of information.

*To discuss several specific issues of research, including evaluation of Websites and interpretation of graphic evidence.

*To introduce you to the resources—both physical and electronic—of the GMU library as well as other collections.

*To discuss the ethical issues associated with research and writing, including plagiarism.

*To give you experience in the written and oral presentation of your research findings.

 

3.      The following materials are required for this course.

 

*The core text is by Booth, Colomb, and Williams, The Craft of Research, second edition.  It is available for purchase in the GMU bookstore.

 

*Materials available electronically:

Bazerman, Charles, The Informed Writer, pp. 22-27, 127-31, 162-77, and 266-81. Available on E-reserves for Honors 110 (the password for all HNRS 110 E-reserves: research).

Clark, Robert. “Thinking about the AIDS Pandemic,” in Global Awareness: Thinking Systematically About the World, pp. 23-35. Available on E-reserves for Honors 110.

Columbo, Bonnie Lisle and Sandra Milano, eds., Frame Work: Culture, Storytelling, and College Writing, Chapter 14 (“Reframing: Talking Back to Official Stories”). Available on E-reserves for Honors 110.

Cronon, William. “A Place for Stories: Nature, History, and Narrative,” The Journal of American History, vol. 78, no. 4 (March 1992), pp. 1347-1376.  Available through JSTOR in the GMU Library electronic databases.

Gehring, Verna.  “Phonies, Fakes, and Frauds – and the Social Harms They Cause,” Philosophy & Public Policy Quarterly, vol. 23, nos. 1-2 (Winter/Spring, 2003), pp. 14-20.  Available through the Institute for Philosophy and Public Policy, at http://www.puaf.umd.edu/ippp.

Kohl, Herbert.  “The Story of Rosa Parks and the Montgomery Bus Boycott Revisited,” Should We Burn Babar?: Essays on Children’s Literature and the Power of Stories. Available on E-reserves for Honors 110.

Schulte, Brigid.  “Cheatin’, Writin’ & ‘Rithmetic: How To Succeed in School without Really Trying,” Washington Post, September 15, 2002.  Available online through LexisNexis in the GMU Library electronic databases.

Sontag, Deborah. “Who Was Responsible for Ellizabeth Shin?” New York Times Magazine, April 28, 2002.  Available through Proquest through the E-Journals link on the GMU Library web page.

Thompson, Bob. “History for Sale,” Washington Post Magazine, 1 January 2002. Available on-line through LexisNexis in the GMU Library electronic databases.

Trescott, Jacqueline. “Catherine Reynolds, the Giver Who gave Up,” Washington Post, 6 February 2003. Available on-line through LexisNexis in the GMU Library electronic databases.

 

     *Required software:

  Endnote bibliographic management software (available for free by download at http://library.gmu.edu/endnote/ or for minimal cost on a CD-R disk at the GMU computer store.

 

 

Guides to citation protocols are available online through the Writing Center Web site <http://writingcenter.gmu.edu/resources/onlinestyleguides.html>. We shall be using the University of Chicago Style manual (used by historians and many others in the humanities and social sciences) for our section of HNRS 110. So please familiarize yourself with the Chicago style for footnote or endnote references and for bibliographical citations.

 

4.      Each student will be evaluated on the basis of the following scale.  Note that there is no final exam in this course:

Museum assignment: 10%.  Due Sept. 21.

Research proposal: 10%.  Due Sept. 28.

Research log: 10%.  Parts I, II due Sept. 19; Parts III, IV due Sept. 26; completed log due Oct. 5.

Evaluation of a web site: 5%.  Due Oct. 12.

Evaluating sources assignment: 5%.  Due Oct. 19.

Complete draft of research paper: 20%.  Due Nov. 9.

Oral presentation of research findings: 5%.  To be presented in class on Nov. 28, Nov. 30, Dec. 2, Dec. 5, Dec. 7, or Dec. 9

Final draft of research paper: 20%.  Due Dec. 7.

All other writing assignments: 15 %

 

5.      Please note the following administrative items:

 

Please take seriously all due dates in this course.  I do not accept late work unless I have approved the late submission in advance.  Please be prepared to supply me with written documentation of illness or other factors that make late submission of work unavoidable.  I approve late submission only for illness, accident, or other factors beyond your control.  I do not accept computer or word processor malfunctions, other technological problems, and problems related to your job as reasons for late submission.

An academic community cannot exist without intellectual honesty and integrity.  Plagiarism is theft of another’s ideas and thus undermines our efforts to build community.  For this reason (and others), I subscribe to, and enforce, the GMU Honor Code, particularly that portion having to do with plagiarism.  If you have not read the Code’s definition, do so.  If you are in doubt as to the meaning of this definition, see me.  I expect students in the Honors Program to be role models for their fellow freshmen in upholding the university’s Honor Code.

 

 

Course Information

 

HNRS 110 introduces the methods, materials, and practices of research at the university level.  The course emphasizes that research is a process by which thoughtful people …

·        frame a question to answer, a problem to solve, or an issue to resolve;

·        collect and organize the evidence they need to answer this question;

·        analyze the evidence (“analyze” in this instance means “to search for the causes and consequences of variation”); and

·        present their findings to an interested audience by means of written, oral and visual presentations.

The readings and assignments in the course will lead you through this process by giving you practice in the various stages of research, drafting, and revising a research essay.  You will learn to use a variety of resources, including print texts, electronic resources, and statistical data.  You will also learn how to interpret visual evidence such as graphs and tables.  The course will give you practice in evaluating sources, constructing an argument, supporting your claims with evidence, and documenting your research in ways appropriate to academic discourse.  The course involves considerable writing, and thus partially fulfills the English composition General Education requirement.

The principal product of your semester’s work is a research paper of at least 10 pages on a problem or question of your choice.  In this paper you must go beyond simple description and summary of available information.  You must make and defend with argument and evidence a specific claim about your problem.  You will need to demonstrate your understanding of current research on your problem, not only what it is but how to interpret it.  And your paper must also engage with other research on the problem, explaining why your solution to the problem is better than others already proposed. Your goal is to make your reader understand the issues involved in your subject and what is at stake in the debate.

Your paper must be accompanied by a bibliography that demonstrates your familiarity with the literature on the subject.  At least two-thirds of your sources must be cited in the text of the paper, and no more than one-quarter of the citations may be from web sites.  All citations must be in the Chicago format used by academic historians, which you can find online at <http://www.dianahacker.com/resdoc/>. 

Research is a process, and during the semester you will work through the process step by step.  You will identify a topic, shape the research problem, find supporting evidence, examine competing solutions to the problem, and present a scholarly argument.  Research takes time.  Each step builds on the steps that come before.  Don’t procrastinate and let the more distant deadline dates sneak up on you. If you’d like to take a look at research papers written in HNRS 110 in past years, several examples are on-line at http://www.honors.gmu.edu/hnrs110/f2004/index.html. The papers are secure so you

will have to enter the username <honors110> and the password <research> for access.

I expect you to attend class regularly, complete all reading and writing assignments by the due date, and be prepared to participate in class discussions.  All submissions must be typed (word-processed).  I do not accept electronic (email) submission of your assignments.  You must submit a paper copy to me for all writing assignments.  You should keep an electronic copy of all materials submitted to me.

You will need to have access to the Internet and to email.  All my email messages to you will be sent to your GMU email account, so you should check your account daily.  You may set up automatic forwarding to an alternative email account if you wish.

In addition to our Monday and Wednesday meetings, HNRS 110 also involves a recitation section, which meets on Fridays from 10:30 to 11:20 a.m.  Some Friday meetings will take place with all sections of HNRS 110 in Innovation Hall 105; some will involve field trips; some will be taken up with conferences with the instructor or the GTA; and on a few Fridays there will be no class meeting at all.  Attendance at the Friday lectures is mandatory; please sign in with Pawin before you enter the lecture hall.  See the day-to-day schedule of the course below for specific details.

 

Schedule of Assignments

 

Week 1: Telling Stories/Constructing Narratives

Monday, Aug. 29: Introduction to the course and overview.

Wednesday, Aug. 31: Read: Cronon, “A Place for Stories.” Bring to class a one-page analysis of what you understand to be Cronon’s central theme (this is not the same thing as a summary of the article itself). Discussion: Stories or narratives are one of the most important ways by which human beings create meaning.  What does Cronon have to say about this, and what difference does it make for people engaged in research?

Friday, Sept. 2: Lecture by Kevin Simons, GMU Library, Introduction to Library Research. Honors Program annual Welcome Week party is immediately after the lecture today in Enterprise Hall 300 from 11:30 a.m. to 1:00 p.m.

 

Week 2: Is a fact just a story that lots of people believe?

Monday, Sept. 5: Labor Day holiday

Wednesday, Sept. 7: Read: Kohl, “The Story of Rosa Parks and the Montgomery Bus Boycott Revisited”; and Columbo, “Reframing: Talking Back to Official Stories”. Discussion: What does it mean to label a story or narrative as “official”?  How does one “talk back” to such stories?  What should we do to ensure that the stories we read or hear are authoritative and accurate?

Friday, Sept. 9: Endnote training.

 

Week 3: What influences the narratives we believe?

Monday, Sept. 12: Read: Sontag, “Who Was Responsible for Elizabeth Shin?” Discussion: How would you describe the conflicting narratives of the last years and days of Elizabeth Shin’s life, and how do different institutional and personal needs, perspectives and interests shape such narratives?

Wednesday, Sept. 14: Read Bob Thompson, “History for Sale” and Jacqueline Trescott, “Catherine Reynolds, the Giver Who Gave Up.” Discussion: How does and should money influence the narratives told by a public museum? Also bring to class a one page statement of a possible research problem that you think you might like to pursue this semester.  Explain how it meets the criteria for a relevant research problem for this course. We will discuss these topics during the last part of class. 

Friday, Sept. 16: Field trip: National Museum of the American Indian. The HNRS 110 museum assignment is online at the course web site, which is accessible through the Honors Web site.

 

Weeks 4: Research and Analysis

Monday, Sept. 19: Due in class: Research log, Parts I and II.  Read: Craft of Research, pp. 1-39. The research log is available online at the HNRS 110 Web site.  The worksheet is designed to lead you through the process of locating sources and creating the bibliography you will need for your project.  The worksheet is related to your proposed topic.  If you change the topic, you will have to complete a new worksheet. Discussion: Research can be described as a process involving the flow of information through the parts of a system: inputs, conversion processes, outputs and feedback.  Where did this metaphor come from, and how does it help us think about the research process?  (Note: “Information” from the Latin informare, meaning “to give form to”.  In information theory, “information” means “the reduction of uncertainty.”) Also, in what way is research a dialogic process?

Wednesday, Sept. 21: Due in class: Museum assignment. Read: Craft of Research, pp. 40-107; and Robert Clark, “Thinking about the AIDS Pandemic.” Discussion: Why research must solve a problem and how to think about sources; and how knowledge is organized.

Friday, Sept. 23: Lecture: Dr. Robert Clark, Professor of Government and Director, GMU Honors Program, “How Universities Organize Knowledge”

 

 

Week 5: Research and Analysis Continued

 Monday, Sept. 26: Due in class: Research log, Parts III and IV. Discussion: Today’s class will meet in the Johnson Center Library Instruction Room.  To reach this room, enter the JC library on the first floor and take the stairs behind the circulation desk to the second floor.  The Instruction Room is to your left as you reach the top of the stairs. The class will be devoted to a discussion of the use of database resources and will be conducted by a person from the library staff. (Also, remember to sign up for a conference on Wednesday or Thursday.)

Wednesday, Sept. 28: Due today: a two-page statement of your research proposal, plus preliminary bibliography.  Your proposal should incorporate an extended discussion of your research problem, a tentative outline of the major questions you will explore, and a plan for how you intend to conduct the research.  This proposal is a commitment by you to your topic; you may not change topic without my permission. (Remember that this proposal is worth 10% of your course grade.)  Pawin and I will meet with you individually in conferences today to discuss this proposal instead of meeting together as a class.

Friday, Sept. 30: Student panel: Former students in HNRS 110 discuss their experiences in doing research and writing their research papers.

 

 

Week 6: Gathering Evidence, Making Claims, and Establishing Warrants

Monday, Oct. 3: Read: Craft of Research, pp. 111-181. Discussion: The Web site evaluation is due on Wednesday, October 12.  To prepare for that assignment, we will spend some time in class today looking at a Web site with valuable guidance on how to evaluate Web sites.  This site is maintained by New Mexico State University, and is entitled “The Good, the Bad & the Ugly, or Why It’s a Good Idea to Evaluate Web Sources”.  The URL of that site is http://lib.nmsu.edu/instruction/eval.html.  Click on the button titled “Criteria” and print the page of criteria for evaluating Web sources.  Bring that printed page to class on 10-13.  Two other sources offer valuable advice on how to evaluate the Web.  Please look at these at your convenience:

From UCLA: http://www.library.ucla.edu/libraries/college/help/critical/index.htm

From Ithaca College: http://www.ithaca/edu/library/Training/hott.html. Wednesday, Oct. 5: Due in class: Completed research log (worth 10% of your course grade). Read: Craft of Research, pp. 241-262; and Bazerman, selections from The Informed Writer. Discussion: issues raised by this week’s reading.

Friday, Oct. 7: No class today.

 

Week 7: Evaluating Sources on the Web

            Monday, Oct. 10: No class today—Columbus Day Holiday. Monday classes meet on Tuesday this week only.

Tuesday, Oct. 11: Read: Gehring, “Phonies, Fakes, and Frauds”; and Schulte, “Cheatin’, Writin’, & ‘Rithmetic.”  Also, visit the Web site “Plagiarism: What It Is and How to Recognize and Avoid It,” at http://www.Indiana.edu/~wts/wts/plagiarism.html.  Print out the four pages of this site, read them, and bring those pages to class. Discussion: Why plagiarism and other forms of intellectual fraud undermine our community. (Sign up for an individual tutorial session on Wednesday.)

Wednesday, Oct. 12: Due in class: Web site evaluation. Instead of meeting collectively as a class, Pawin and I will meet with you individually today to discuss your research project.

Friday, Oct. 14: Optional lecture: “Cite While You Write Using Endnote”

 

Week 8: Organizing and Preparing to Write

Monday, Oct. 17: Read: Craft of Research, pp. 185-240. Discussion: Issues raised by the assigned reading.

            Wednesday, Oct. 19: Due in class: Evaluating sources assignment. Read the four sample research papers written by HNRS 110 students in the past, located on-line at http://www.honors.gmu.edu/hnrs110/f2004/index.html. The papers are secure so you will need to enter the username <honors110> and the password <research> to access them. You will be assigned one of them to print out and bring to class for a wider discussion of the four papers.

Friday, Oct. 21: Optional field trip to the Library of Congress.

 

Week 9: Writing: The Hardest Part of the Research Process

Monday, Oct. 24: Due in class: The first 3 pp. of your paper. Please turn in two copies. This is a trial run of your introduction, a section of your paper that illustrates the kinds of claims, arguments, and evidence that you will be presenting, as well as the counter-claims you will be engaging with in your paper.  Your goal is to begin to formulate your argument and to practice engaging in the wider conversation or debate surrounding your topic. (The grade for this will be incorporated into the grade for “other writing assignments”.) Read: Craft of Research, pp. 263-288. After discussing the reading, you will spend the rest of class today critiquing each other’s introductions. You must also sign up for an individual tutorial for Wednesday.

Wednesday, October 26: Pawin and I will meet with you individually in conferences today to discuss your introductions instead of meeting together as a class.

Friday, Oct. 29: No class today.

 

Week 10: Working on a First Draft

Monday, Oct. 31 and Wednesday Nov. 2: Class will not meet collectively this week, as we shall be meeting with you individually in conferences to discuss your first draft. You must bring at least the first 7 pp. of your draft to the conference. Please turn in two copies. (The grade for this will be incorporated into the grade for “other writing assignments”.)

Friday, Nov. 4: No class today.

 

Week 11: Completing the First Draft

Monday, Nov. 7: No class today. Continue work on your first draft.

Wednesday, Nov. 9: Due in class: Complete draft of the research paper including bibliography.  Please turn in two complete copies. This version should reflect all the work you have invested in your project to date and should be as polished as if it were the final draft.  This is NOT a rough draft! Remember to include your bibliography in correct University of Chicago style format (worth 20% of your course grade). We shall conduct a lottery today to determine the order of the oral presentations, which begin after Thanksgiving. And you will also sign up for a conference for next week to return the first drafts.

Friday, Nov. 11: No class today.

 

Week 12: Learning What Still Needs To Be Done

Monday, November 14 and Wednesday, November 16: Class will not meet collectively this week, as we shall be meeting with you individually in conferences to discuss and return your first drafts.

Friday, Nov. 18: No class today.

 

Week 13: Preparing for Oral Presentations

Monday, Nov. 21: Discussion: We shall discuss what goes into a good oral presentation, what to avoid, and how to prepare. You will have to present a 10 minute oral presentation of your paper after Thanksgiving (worth 5% of your course grade).

Wednesday, Nov. 23: University closed for Thanksgiving Holiday.

Friday, Nov. 26: University closed for Thanksgiving Holiday.

 

Week 14: Oral Presentations

Monday, Nov. 28: Oral presentations

Wednesday, Nov. 30: Oral Presentations

Friday, Dec. 2: Oral presentations (in Innovation 131, NOT 105).

 

Week 15: Oral Presentations

Monday, Dec. 5: Oral presentations

Wednesday, Dec. 7: Due in class: Revised draft of research paper.  Please turn in two complete copies, including the bibliography. Also, please turn in with the revised draft the graded copy of your first complete draft. Finally, you are also required to submit an electronic copy of the revised draft (including bibliography in the same file) to me via email no later than 12:00 noon today. We shall finish up the oral presentations. And in the time remaining you will write a short 1-2 page reflection piece on what you learned about the research process in this course. You will also fill out the GMU student evaluation form for this course.

Friday, Dec. 9: No class today.

 

There is no final exam in Honors 110.

 

You will be notified via email when the papers are graded and ready to collect the week of December 12.